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  • Products
    • Click Boards
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        • GPS/GNSS
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        • LTE IoT
        • BT/BLE
        • WiFi+BLE
        • WiFi
        • Sub-1 GHz Transceievers
        • 2.4 GHz Trancevers
        • LoRa
        • RFID/NFC
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        • 6LoWPAN
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        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Sensors
        • Biometrics
        • Gas
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        • Optical
        • Pressure
        • Proximity
        • Temperature & humidity
        • Current sensor
        • Miscellaneous
        • Environmental
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        • Inductance
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        • Click Shields
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      • Interface
        • Adapter
        • CAN
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        • Fiber optics
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      • Display & LED
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      • Miscellaneous
        • Relay
        • Optocoupler
        • ID
        • Proto
        • Encryption
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Mixed Signal
        • ADC
        • Measurements
        • DAC
        • Digital potentiometer
        • ADC-DAC
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Storage
        • EEPROM
        • FLASH
        • FRAM
        • microSD
        • MRAM
        • SRAM
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Motor Control
        • Brushed
        • Brushless
        • Stepper
        • Servo
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Audio & Voice
        • Amplifier
        • Microphone
        • Speakers
        • Signal Processing
        • Speech recognition
        • FM
        • MP3
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • HMI
        • Capacitive
        • Pushbutton/Switches
        • Potentiometers
        • Rotary encoder
        • Haptic
        • Speech recognition
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
        • Fingerprint
      • Clock & Timing
        • RTC
        • Clock generator
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Power Management
        • Battery charger
        • Boost
        • Buck
        • Linear
        • Buck-Boost
        • Wireless Charging
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
    • Necto
      • ARM
        • C
          • mikroC AI for ARM
        • Additional Software
          • Visual TFT AI
      • PIC
        • C
          • mikroC AI for PIC
        • Additional Software
          • Visual TFT AI
      • PIC32
        • C
          • mikroC AI for PIC32
        • Additional Software
          • Visual TFT AI
    • Compilers
      • PIC
        • C
          • mikroC AI for PIC
          • mikroC PRO for PIC
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for PIC
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for PIC
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual TFT AI
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • ARM
        • C
          • mikroC AI for ARM
          • mikroC PRO for ARM
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for ARM
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for ARM
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual TFT AI
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • PIC32
        • C
          • mikroC AI for PIC32
          • mikroC PRO for PIC32
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for PIC32
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for PIC32
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • dsPIC/PIC24
        • C
          • mikroC PRO for dsPIC
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for dsPIC
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for dsPIC
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • AVR
        • C
          • mikroC PRO for AVR
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for AVR
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for AVR
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • 8051
        • C
          • mikroC PRO for 8051
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for 8051
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for 8051
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • FT90x
        • C
          • mikroC PRO for FT90x
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for FT90x
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for FT90x
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
    • Dev Boards
      • PIC
        • 8th Generation
          • EasyPIC PRO v8
          • EasyPIC v8
        • 7th Generation
          • EasyPIC v7
          • EasyPIC PRO v7
        • 6th Generation
          • PICPLC16 v6
      • ARM
        • 8th Generation
          • Fusion for ARM v8
          • Fusion for STM32 v8
          • Fusion for KINETIS v8
          • Fusion for TIVA v8
        • 7th Generation
          • EasyMx PRO v7 for Tiva
          • EasyMx PRO v7 for STM32
      • PIC32
        • 8th Generation
          • Fusion for PIC32
        • 7th Generation
          • EasyPIC Fusion v7
      • dsPIC/PIC24
        • 7th Generation
          • EasyPIC Fusion v7
          • EasyPIC v7 for dsPIC30
        • 6th Generation
          • Easy24-33 v6
      • AVR
        • 7th Generation
          • EasyAVR v7
        • 6th Generation
          • AVRPLC16 v6
      • 8051
        • 7th generation
          • BIG8051
        • 6th Generation
          • Easy8051 v6
      • Universal Boards
        • 8th Generation
          • Fusion for ARM v8
        • 7th Generation
          • EasyPIC Fusion v7
        • UNI-DS board
          • UNI-DS6
          • mikroBoard for PIC 80-pin
          • mikroBoard for AVR
          • mikroBoard for dsPIC
          • mikroBoard for PSoC
          • mikroBoard for 8051
          • mikroBoard for PIC 40-pin
          • mikroBoard for ARM
          • mikroBoard for ARM 144-pin
      • IoT - Wearable
        • Hexiwear
          • Hexiwear
          • Hexiwear Power User Pack
          • Hexiwear Docking Station
          • Hexiwear Battery Pack
          • Hexiwear Color Pack
          • Hexiwear Workstation
      • Analog Boards
        • 7th Generation
          • Analog System Lab Kit PRO
    • Starter Boards
      • PIC
        • Clicker
          • PIC clicker
        • Clicker 2
          • Clicker 2 for PIC18FJ
        • Ready
          • Ready for PIC Board
          • Ready for PIC (DIP28)
          • PIC-Ready2 Board
          • MMC Ready Board
        • StartUSB
          • StartUSB for PIC
      • ARM
        • Clicker
          • RA4M1 Clicker
          • Kinetis Clicker
          • MSP432 Clicker
          • CEC1702 clicker
          • CEC1302 Clicker
          • STM32 M4 clicker
        • Clicker 2
          • Clicker 2 for STM32
          • Clicker 2 for Kinetis
          • Clicker 2 for CEC1702
          • Clicker 2 for MSP432
          • Clicker 2 for CEC1302
          • Clicker 2 for PSoC 6
        • Clicker 4
          • Clicker 4 for STM32
        • MINI
          • MINI-M4 for STM32
          • MINI-M0 for STM32
          • MINI-M4 for Tiva
          • MINI-M4 for Stellaris
          • MINI-M4 for MSP432
        • Flip&Click
          • Flip&Click SAM3X
      • PIC32
        • Clicker
          • PIC32MX clicker
          • 6LoWPAN Clicker
          • PIC32MZ clicker
        • Clicker 2
          • Clicker 2 for PIC32MX
          • Clicker 2 for PIC32MZ
        • MINI
          • MINI-32 Board
          • MINI-32 for PIC32MZ
        • Flip&Click
          • Flip&Click PIC32MZ
      • dsPIC/PIC24
        • Clicker 2
          • Clicker 2 for PIC24
          • Clicker 2 for dsPIC33
        • Ready
          • dsPIC-Ready1 Board
          • dsPIC-Ready2 Board
          • DsPIC-Ready3 Board
          • dsPIC-Ready4 Board
      • AVR
        • MINI
          • MINI-AT Board - 3.3V
          • MINI-AT Board - 5V
        • Ready
          • Ready for AVR Board
          • Ready For XMEGA
          • mikroXMEGA Board
          • AVR-Ready2 Board
        • StartUSB
          • StartUSB for AVR
      • 8051
        • Ready
          • 8051-Ready Board
      • FT90x
        • Clicker 2
          • Clicker 2 for FT90x
      • Miscellaneous
        • USB
          • USB Wizard
          • Quail
          • FlowPaw Kit
      • Universal Boards
        • 8th Generation
          • UNI Clicker
    • Prog-Debug
      • PIC
        • mikroProg
          • mikroProg for PIC
      • ARM
        • Codegrip
          • CODEGRIP for ARM
          • CODEGRIP for STM32
          • CODEGRIP for KINETIS
          • CODEGRIP for TIVA
        • MikroProg
          • mikroProg for STM32
          • mikroProg for Tiva
          • mikroProg for Kinetis
          • mikroProg for CEC
          • mikroProg for MSP432
          • mikroProg for PSoC 5LP
      • PIC32
        • mikroProg
          • mikroProg for PIC32
      • dsPIC/PIC24
        • mikroProg
          • mikroProg for dsPIC
      • AVR
        • mikroProg
          • mikroProg for AVR
      • 8051
        • mikroProg
          • mikroProg for 8051
      • FT90x
        • mikroProg
          • mikroProg for FT90x
    • Smart Displays
      • PIC
        • 2.8"
          • PIC 18FJ
          • PIC 18FK
        • 4.3"
          • SmartGLCD
      • ARM
        • 2.8''
          • STM32 M4
          • STM32 M3
          • PSoC 5LP
          • TIVA
        • 3.5''
          • STM32F2 Cap. FPI - frame
          • STM32F2 Cap. FPI - bazel
          • Kinetis Cap. FPI - frame
          • Kinetis Cap. FPI - bezel
          • STM32F4 Cap. FPI - frame
          • STM32F4 Cap. FPI - bezel
          • Kinetis Capacitive
          • STM32F4 Capacitive
          • STM32F2 Capacitive
        • 4.3''
          • STM32F2 Cap. FPI - frame
          • STM32F2 Cap. FPI - bezel
          • Kinetis Cap. FPI - frame
          • Kinetis Cap. FPI - bezel
          • STM32F4 Cap. FPI - frame
          • STM32F4 Cap. FPI - bezel
          • Kinetis Capacitive
          • STM32F7 Capacitive
          • STM32F4 Capacitive
          • STM32 F4
          • STM32 F7
          • TIVA Capacitive
          • TIVA
        • 5''
          • STM32F7 Cap. FPI - frame
          • STM32F7 Cap. FPI - bezel
          • Kinetis Cap. FPI - frame
          • Kinetis Cap. FPI - bezel
          • STM32F4 Cap. FPI - frame
          • STM32F4 Cap. FPI - bezel
          • Kinetis Capacitive
          • STM32F7 Capacitive
          • STM32F4 Capacitive
          • TIVA Capacitive
          • TIVA
        • 7''
          • Capacitive FPI with frame
          • Capacitive FPI with bezel
          • Capacitive
          • STM32F4
          • STM32F7
      • PIC32
        • 2.8"
          • PIC32 MX4
        • 4.3"
          • PIC32 MX7
      • dsPIC/PIC24
        • 2.8"
          • dsPIC 33FJ
          • dsPIC 33EP
          • dsPIC 24FJ
          • dsPIC 24EP
      • AVR
        • 2.8''
          • XMEGA
      • FT90x
        • 3.5"
          • HMI No Touch
          • HMI Resistive
          • HMI Capacitive
        • 4.3"
          • HMI
          • HMI Capacitive
          • HMI Resistive
          • HMI UXW
          • HMI UXB
          • Plus +
        • 5"
          • HMI
          • HMI Resistive
          • HMI Capacitive
          • HMI UXW
          • HMI UXB
        • 7"
          • HMI
          • HMI Resistive
          • HMI Capacitive
          • HMI UXW
          • HMI UXB
    • MCU Cards
      • PIC
        • 8th Generation
        • 7th Generation
        • 6th Generation
      • ARM
        • 8th Generation
        • 7th Generation
      • PIC32
        • 8th Generation
        • 7th Generation
      • dsPIC/PIC24
        • 7th Generation
        • 6th Generation
      • AVR
        • 6th Generation
    • Accessories
      • Display
        • TFT Displays
        • LCD Modules
        • E-Paper displays
        • RGB LED Matrix Panels
      • Components
        • Microcontrollers
        • Sensors
        • Headers and Connectors
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        • Wire Jumpers and Cables
        • Antennas
        • Power Supplies
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        • SD Cards
      • Add-on Boards
        • TFT
        • Adapter
        • Miscellaneous
        • Ethernet
        • USB
        • microSD
        • LCD
        • LED Matrix
        • LED Segment
        • Battery charger
        • ADC
        • CAN
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        • GPS/GNSS
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        • WiFi
        • ZigBee
        • RS232
        • RS485
        • MP3
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        • FLASH
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        • Potentiometer
        • RFID/NFC
        • RTC
        • Stepper
        • Temperature & Humidity
    • Kits
      • PIC
        • mikroLab
          • PIC M
          • PIC L
          • PIC 18FK
          • PIC XL
          • PIC 18FJ
        • EasyStart
          • PIC EasyStart
        • TFT Designer
          • PIC 18FJ
        • TFT Developer
          • PIC 18FJ
        • GLCD Designer
          • GLCD Designer
        • GLCD Developer
          • GLCD Developer
      • ARM
        • mikroLab Kits
          • mikroLAB for STM32
          • mikroLAB for Tiva
        • EasyStart Kits
          • EasyStart Kit - STM32
          • Easy Start Kit - Tiva
        • TFT Designer Kits
          • TFT 3" - TIVA
          • TFT 4" - STM32F4
          • TFT 5" - TIVA
          • TFT 7" - STM32F4
          • TFT 3" - STM32 M3
          • TFT 3" - STM32 M4
        • TFT Developer Kits
          • TFT 3" - TIVA
          • TFT 3" - STM32F3
          • TFT 3" - STM32F4
        • TFT Professional Kits
          • TFT 5 Pro Kit - TIVA
          • TFT 7 Pro Kit - STM32F4
          • TFT Plus Pro Kit - STM32F4
      • PIC32
        • mikroLab Kits
          • mikroLAB for PIC32
        • EasyStart Kits
          • EasyStart Kit - PIC32MX4
          • EasyStart Kit - PIC32MX7
        • TFT Designer Kits
          • TFT 3" - PIC32MX4
          • TFT 4" - PIC32MX7
        • TFT Developer Kits
          • TFT 3" - PIC32MX4
        • Home Automation
          • AWS Home
      • dsPIC/PIC24
        • mikroLab Kits
          • mikroLAB for dsPIC
          • mikroLAB for dsPIC L
          • mikroLAB for dsPIC XL
        • EasyStart Kits
          • EasyStart Kit - dsPIC33FJ
          • EasyStart Kit - dsPIC33EP
          • EasyStart Kit - PIC24EP
          • Easy Start Kit - dsPIC30
        • TFT Designer Kits
          • TFT 3" - dsPIC33FJ
          • TFT 3" - dsPIC33EP
          • TFT 3" - PIC24EP
          • TFT 3" - PIC24FJ
        • TFT Developer Kits
          • TFT 3" - dsPIC33FJ
          • TFT 3" - PIC24FJ
          • TFT 3" - PIC24EP
          • TFT 3" - dsPIC33EP
      • AVR
        • mikroLab Kits
          • mikroLAB for AVR
          • mikroLAB for AVR L
          • mikroLAB for AVR XL
        • EasyStart Kits
          • Easy Start Kit - AVR
        • TFT Designer Kits
          • TFT Designer kit - XMEGA
        • TFT Developer Kits
          • TFT Developer kit - XMEGA
      • 8051
        • mikroLab Kits
          • mikroLAB for 8051 L
          • mikroLAB for 8051
        • EasyStart Kits
          • Easy Start Kit - 8051
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MikroElektronika white logo
  • Products
    • click boards icon Click Boards
      • Wireless Connectivity
        • GPS/GNSS
        • GSM/LTE
        • LTE IoT
        • BT/BLE
        • WiFi+BLE
        • WiFi
        • Sub-1 GHz Transceievers
        • 2.4 GHz Trancevers
        • LoRa
        • RFID/NFC
        • GSM+GPS
        • 6LoWPAN
        • ZigBee
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Sensors
        • Biometrics
        • Gas
        • Magnetic
        • Motion
        • Optical
        • Pressure
        • Proximity
        • Temperature & humidity
        • Current sensor
        • Miscellaneous
        • Environmental
        • Force
        • Inductance
        • RF meter
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Interface
        • Adapter
        • CAN
        • Port expander
        • RS485
        • USB
        • 1-Wire
        • RS232
        • Ethernet
        • LIN
        • PWM
        • Current
        • DALI
        • I2C
        • Fiber optics
        • SPI
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Display & LED
        • LED Drivers
        • LED Matrix
        • LED Segment
        • OLED
        • Adapter
        • Electronic Paper Display
        • LCD
        • OSD
        • TFT
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Miscellaneous
        • Relay
        • Optocoupler
        • ID
        • Proto
        • Encryption
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Mixed Signal
        • ADC
        • Measurements
        • DAC
        • Digital potentiometer
        • ADC-DAC
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Storage
        • EEPROM
        • FLASH
        • FRAM
        • microSD
        • MRAM
        • SRAM
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Motor Control
        • Brushed
        • Brushless
        • Stepper
        • Servo
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Audio & Voice
        • Amplifier
        • Microphone
        • Speakers
        • Signal Processing
        • Speech recognition
        • FM
        • MP3
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • HMI
        • Capacitive
        • Pushbutton/Switches
        • Potentiometers
        • Rotary encoder
        • Haptic
        • Speech recognition
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
        • Fingerprint
      • Clock & Timing
        • RTC
        • Clock generator
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
      • Power Management
        • Battery charger
        • Boost
        • Buck
        • Linear
        • Buck-Boost
        • Wireless Charging
        • Click Shields
        • Click Bundles
    • necto icon Necto
      • ARM
        • C
          • mikroC AI for ARM
        • Additional Software
          • Visual TFT AI
      • PIC
        • C
          • mikroC AI for PIC
        • Additional Software
          • Visual TFT AI
      • PIC32
        • C
          • mikroC AI for PIC32
        • Additional Software
          • Visual TFT AI
    • compilers icon Compilers
      • PIC
        • C
          • mikroC AI for PIC
          • mikroC PRO for PIC
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for PIC
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for PIC
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual TFT AI
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • ARM
        • C
          • mikroC AI for ARM
          • mikroC PRO for ARM
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for ARM
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for ARM
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual TFT AI
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • PIC32
        • C
          • mikroC AI for PIC32
          • mikroC PRO for PIC32
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for PIC32
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for PIC32
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • dsPIC/PIC24
        • C
          • mikroC PRO for dsPIC
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for dsPIC
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for dsPIC
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • AVR
        • C
          • mikroC PRO for AVR
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for AVR
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for AVR
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • 8051
        • C
          • mikroC PRO for 8051
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for 8051
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for 8051
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
      • FT90x
        • C
          • mikroC PRO for FT90x
        • Basic
          • mikroBasic PRO for FT90x
        • Pascal
          • mikroPascal PRO for FT90x
        • Additional Software
          • CODEGRIP WiFi license
          • CODEGRIP SSL license
          • Visual TFT
          • Visual GLCD
          • Package Manager
          • mikroBootloader
          • CAN calculator
          • GLCD Font Creator
          • Timer Calculator
          • MikroPlot
    • dev boards icon Dev Boards
      • PIC
        • 8th Generation
          • EasyPIC PRO v8
          • EasyPIC v8
        • 7th Generation
          • EasyPIC v7
          • EasyPIC PRO v7
        • 6th Generation
          • PICPLC16 v6
      • ARM
        • 8th Generation
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  1. Home
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  3. Matrix RGB click - How to adjust firmware

Matrix RGB click - How to adjust firmware

Published: 05/05/2017 | Post categories: Learn, Let's Make

| Views:2837

Matrix RGB click - How to adjust firmware

The main advantage of distributing the open source code is that anyone who gets it can edit and improve the code for his own needs. In this additional article we will look deeper inside how current firmware works, what are the most important points and how to adjust it for your own needs.

Main features of current firmware are 64 different colors and maximum FPS rate. It is written for the 2x2 panels size (64x64 pixels) screen size, but even that can be changed when you know what the important points are and which parts of the code should be rewritten.

Conversion

There are a lot of different types of LEDs. Some of them are capable of displaying all colors from the 16-bit RGB spectrum, but in this case each of the 1024 LEDs on one panel is capable of displaying only 8 different colors. Each LED is composed of 3 smaller LEDs ( Red, Green and Blue) - they can only be turned on or off, which means 8 different combinations, which also means 8 different colors. Because of this, firmware uses technique of shadow frames to simulate more than 8 colors. In case of our firmware we have 3 shadow frames which means that at least 3 shadow frames are displayed for each real frame. Let's pay attention to the rgb.c file, mainly to the _convert_pix  function.

static void _convert_pix( uint8_t x, uint8_t y )
{
    uint16_t input;
    uint8_t red;
    uint8_t gre;
    uint8_t blu;
    uint8_t tmp;
    uint8_t xp;
    uint8_t yp;
    uint8_t pan;
    uint8_t row;
    uint8_t col;
    uint8_t sh;
    uint8_t lsb;
    uint8_t msb;
    uint8_t mask;

    // Position calculation
    xp = x % 32; yp = y % 32; pan = x / 32 + y / 16;
    row = yp % 8;
    col = ( ( yp % 16 ) >= 8 ) ? ( xp ) : ( 32 + xp );
    if( yp >= 16 )
    {
        sh = 3;
        col += 64 * ( ( pan + 3 ) % 4 );
    }
    else
    {
        sh = 0;
        col += 64 * pan;
    }
    mask = ~( 0x7 << sh );
    lsb = _ram[ ( y * 64 + x ) * 2 ];
    msb = _ram[ ( y * 64 + x ) * 2 + 1 ];

    // Mapping
    input = msb; input <<= 8; input |= lsb;
    red = ( 1 << ( ( input & 0xC000 ) >> 14 ) ) - 1;
    gre = ( 1 << ( ( input & 0x0600 ) >> 9  ) ) - 1;
    blu = ( 1 << ( ( input & 0x0018 ) >> 3  ) ) - 1;
    tmp = _shadow[0][row][col]; tmp &= mask;
    tmp |= ( ( red & 1 ) | ( ( gre & 1 ) << 1 ) | ( ( blu & 1 ) << 2 ) ) << sh;
    _shadow[0][row][col] = tmp;
    red >>= 1; gre >>= 1; blu >>= 1;
    tmp = _shadow[1][row][col]; tmp &= mask;
    tmp |= ( ( red & 1 ) | ( ( gre & 1 ) << 1 ) | ( ( blu & 1 ) << 2 ) ) << sh;
    _shadow[1][row][col] = tmp;
    red >>= 1; gre >>= 1; blu >>= 1;
    tmp = _shadow[2][row][col]; tmp &= mask;
    tmp |= ( ( red & 1 ) | ( ( gre & 1 ) << 1 ) | ( ( blu & 1 ) << 2 ) ) << sh;
    _shadow[2][row][col] = tmp;
}

The picture we are sending to the click board must be in RGB-565 format. When new picture is uploaded via SPI, it is first converted to the shadow frames depending on the intensity of each color. Therefore we have 3 shadow frames, and we took 2 most significant bits for conversion.

red = ( 1 << ( ( input & 0xC000 ) >> 14 ) ) - 1;
gre = ( 1 << ( ( input & 0x0600 ) >> 9  ) ) - 1;
blu = ( 1 << ( ( input & 0x0018 ) >> 3  ) ) - 1;

The code above might look confusing, but it is just an optimized way of catching the 2 most significant bits for each pixel - all because of the highest FPS possible. This technique alongside with high FPS gives illusion that our display is capable of displaying more than 8 colors. For example dark red is converted in the manner that all shadow frames have red LED turned on while, while some brighter shades of RED will have it turned off in some of the shadow frames.

Matrix RGB click - How to adjust firmware

It is important to note that 3 shadow frames are enough to have 64 different colors - 4 combinations ( 2 bits ) per color or 6-bit color spectrum. 64 colors are quite enough for some basic pictures, but if you need even more colors, you will have to make more than 3 shadow frames and the new conversion part. Also, in that case, Display function should be changed to loop through all the shadow frames before exiting the function and allowing other other operations, such as SPI transfer of the new picture or intensity setup.

You've probably noted the additional mapping parts inside the _convert_pix function. It is a calculation of the position for each pixel, because the first transferred pixel is not the first pixel on the panel. If you want to have more than 2x2 panels size, the whole mapping part inside this function must be rewritten.

Brightness and FPS

Because there is no option for hardware settable brightness of the panel, that feature is implemented through variable delay between displaying of each panel row in the display function. According to the current tests, values between 0 and 100 are capable of visible change of the brightness. Brightness command changes nothing more than delay in the display function.

void display( void )
{
    uint8_t     sh, rw;
    uint16_t    dt, cn;

    GPIO_PIN17_bit = 1;
    for( sh = 0; sh < 3; sh++ )
    {
        for( rw = 0; rw < 8; rw++ )
        {
            PAN_A =  _rw_map[rw] & 0x01;
            PAN_B = (_rw_map[rw] & 0x02) >> 1;
            PAN_C = (_rw_map[rw] & 0x04) >> 2;
            PAN_D = (_rw_map[rw] & 0x08) >> 3;
            for( dt = 0; dt < 256; dt++ )
            {
                PAN_STB     = 0;
                PAN_DATA    = _shadow[sh][rw][dt];
                PAN_CLK     = 1;
                PAN_CLK     = 0;
                PAN_STB     = 1;
            }
            if( _power )
            {
                PAN_OE = 0;
            }
            for( cn = 0; cn < _brightness; cn++ )        // BRIGHTNESS LOOP
            {
                 Delay_1us();
            }
            PAN_OE = 1;
        }
    }
    PAN_OE = 1;
    GPIO_PIN17_bit = 0;
}

Looking at this function would lead to a logical conclusion that higher brightness level has impact on the FPS rate, but in most cases, that impact is hardly noticable.

The only situation where we've found that higher brightness impacts the performance of the display, is when you are combining it with high scroll speeds - with scroll steps faster than 50 ms, and it will only cause slight flickering. Solution in that case might be the lower speed of scroll steps, with higher offset steps.

Summary

FT900 placed on the Matrix RGB click is fast enough to control all 4 panels at really high FPS rate. For our hexiwear demo on embedded world, 64 colors were enough, but open firmware that we are providing gives you a chance to adjust it exactly for what you need and even make your own 3x3 version with any color depth you need.

 

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    Matrix RGB programming bundle - Build a 64x64 pixel size display panel.

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    MIKROE-2608

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