Programming dsPIC MCU in BASIC
Chapter13: Examples
- Example 1 – Operating alpha-numeric LCD module by using 4-bit interface
- Example 2 – Operating alpha-numeric LCD module by using 8-bit interface
- Example 3 – Operating a graphical alpha-numeric LCD module (GLCD)
- Example 4 – Operating an AD converter
- Example 5 – Operating a 4 x 4 keyboard
- Example 6 – Realization of pulse width modulation
- Example 7 – Operating a compact flash memory card
- Example 8 – Operating UART modules
- Example 9 – Operating SPI modules
- Example 10 – Operating Secure Digital memory cards
- Example 11 – Operating I2C modules
- Example 12 – Operating a PS/2 keyboard
Example 1 – Operating alpha-numeric LCD module by using 4-bit interface
The example shows the connection of an alpha-numeric LCD module 2x16 characters to a dsPIC30F microcontroller by using a 4-bit interface. The following code demonstrates usage of the LCD Custom Library routines. The example covers the initialization of the LCD module and instructions for contolling and writing the module. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. The interconnection of the LCD module and a dsPIC30F device by using a 4-bit interface is shown in Fig. 13-1.
Fig. 13-1 Interconnection of the LCD module and a dsPIC30F device by using a 4-bit interface
program LCD4bitTest dim txt as string[15] main: ADPCFG = $FFFF Lcd_Init(PORTB, 3,2,1,0, PORTD, 0,2,1) Lcd_Cmd(LCD_CURSOR_OFF) Lcd_Cmd(LCD_CLEAR) Lcd_Out(1, 1, "mikroElektronika") Lcd_Out(2, 1, "2x16 LCD Testing") end.
Example 2 – Operating alpha-numeric LCD module by using 8-bit interface
The example shows the connection of an alpha-numeric LCD module 2x16 characters to a dsPIC30F microcontroller by using an 8-bit interface. The following code demonstrates usage of the LCD 8-bit Library routines. The example covers the initialization of the LCD module and instructions for contolling and writing the module. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. The interconnection of the LCD module and a dsPIC30F device by using an 8-bit interface is shown in Fig. 13-2.
Fig. 13-2 Interconnection of the LCD module and a dsPIC30F device by using a 8-bit interface
program LCD8bitTest dim txt as string[10] main: ADPCFG = $FFFF ' PORTB to be digital Lcd8_Init(PORTB, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, PORTD, 0, 1, 2) Lcd8_Cmd(LCD_CURSOR_OFF) Lcd8_Cmd(LCD_CLEAR) Lcd8_Out(1, 1, "mikroElektronika") Lcd8_Out(2, 1, "2x16 LCD Testing") end.
Example 3 – Operating a graphical alpha-numeric LCD module (GLCD)
The example shows the connection of a «dot-matrix» graphical alpha-numeric LCD module (GLCD) to a dsPIC30F microcontroller. The example covers the initialization of the GLCD, writing text, drawing lines, boxes, and circles. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. The interconnection of the GLCD module and a dsPIC30F device is shown in Fig. 13-3.
Fig. 13-3 Interconnection of the GLCD module and a dsPIC30F device.
program GlcdDemo
include "__Lib_Glcd_Images"
dim ii as byte
jj as word
someText as char[20]
sub procedure Delay2S
Delay_ms(2000)
end sub
main:
ADPCFG = $FFFF
TBLPAG = 0
'** dsPICPro3
Glcd_Init(PORTB, 2, PORTB,3, PORTB,4, PORTB,5, PORTB,7, PORTB,6, PORTD)
Glcd_Fill(0xAA)
Delay2S()
' Main loop
while TRUE
Glcd_Fill(0x00) ' Clear screen
' Draw image
Glcd_Image(truck_bmp)
Delay2S()
' Draw dots
for jj = 0 to 40
Glcd_Dot(jj, jj, 1)
next jj
Delay2S()
' Draw lines
Glcd_Fill(0x00)
Glcd_Line(120, 1, 5, 60, 1)
Delay2S()
Glcd_Line(12, 42, 5, 60, 1)
Delay2S()
Glcd_H_Line(5, 15, 6, 1)
Glcd_V_Line(6, 15, 15, 1)
' Draw rectangle
Glcd_Rectangle(12, 20, 93,57, 1)
Delay2S()
' Draw lines
Glcd_Line(120, 12, 12,60, 1)
Delay2S()
Glcd_H_Line(5, 15, 6, 1)
Glcd_Line(0, 12, 120, 60, 1)
Glcd_V_Line(7, 63, 127, 1)
Delay2S()
' Draw circles
for ii = 1 to 10
Glcd_Circle(63, 31, 3*ii, 1)
next ii
Delay2S()
' Draw box
Glcd_Box(12, 20, 70, 57, 2)
Delay2S()
Glcd_Fill(0x00)
' Font demo
Glcd_Set_Font(@System3x6, 3, 6, 32)
someText = "SMALL FONT AS 3X6"
Glcd_Write_Text(someText, 20, 5, 1)
Glcd_Set_Font(@FontSystem5x8, 5, 8, 32)
someText = "Large Font 5x8"
Glcd_Write_Text(someText, 3, 4, 1)
Delay2S()
wend
end.
Example 4 – Operating an AD converter
The example shows sampling by an AD converter and sends it as a text via UART1. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. Fig. 13-4 shows the connection of a dsPIC30F6014A microcontroller for sampling the voltages of the sliding contact of a potentiometer connected to the pin AN10 and sending it as a text via UART1.
Fig. 13-4 Connection of a dsPIC30F6014A device in order to sample on pin AN10
program ADC_test
dim adcRes as word
txt as string[5]
main:
TRISB.10 = 1 ' set pin as input - needed for ADC to work
Uart1_Init(9600)
while true
adcRes = Adc_Read(10)
WordToStr(adcRes, txt)
Uart1_Write_Text(txt)
Delay_ms(50)
wend
end.
Example 5 – Operating a 4 x 4 keyboard
The example shows the connection of a 4 x 4 keyboard to a dsPIC30F6014A microcontroller. The example shows decoding the keyboard [0...15] to obtain ASCII symbols [0...9,A...F]. Also shown is a counter of the pressed keys. The value of the counter is written in the second line of an LCD module. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. Fig. 13-5 shows the interconnection of the keyboard and a dsPIC30F6014A microcontroller.
Fig. 13-5 Interconnection of the keyboard and a dsPIC30F6014A microcontroller
program Keypad_4x4_test
dim kp, oldkp as byte
cnt as word
txt as string[6]
main:
cnt = 0
Keypad_Init(PORTF)
ADPCFG = $FFFF
Glcd_Init_dsPICPro3()
Glcd_Fill(0x00)
Glcd_Set_Font(@FontSystem5x8, 5, 8, 32)
Glcd_Write_Text("Keypad 4x4 example", 10, 0, 1)
Glcd_Write_Text("Key pressed :", 10, 3, 1)
Glcd_Write_Text("Times :" , 10, 6, 1)
oldkp = 1
while TRUE
nop
kp = 0
' Wait for key to be pressed
while kp = 0
kp = Keypad_Key_Click()
wend
if oldkp = kp then
Inc(cnt)
else
cnt = 1
end if
oldkp = kp
' Prepare value for output
select case kp
case 1 kp = 49 ' 1
case 2 kp = 50 ' 2
case 3 kp = 51 ' 3
case 4 kp = 65 ' A
case 5 kp = 52 ' 4
case 6 kp = 53 ' 5
case 7 kp = 54 ' 6
case 8 kp = 66 ' B
case 9 kp = 55 ' 7
case 10 kp = 56 ' 8
case 11 kp = 57 ' 9
case 12 kp = 67 ' C
case 13 kp = 42 ' *
case 14 kp = 48 ' 0
case 15 kp = 35 ' #
case 16 kp = 68 ' D
end select
Glcd_Write_Char(kp, 30, 4, 1)
if cnt = 65535 then
cnt = 0
end if
' Print on LCD
WordToStr(cnt, txt)
Glcd_Write_Text(txt, 10, 7, 1)
wend 'while
end.
Also, an example is given of the clearance by the software of the errors caused by the keyborad bounsing using the same connection as shown in Fig. 13-5. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers.
program Button_Test
main:
ADPCFG = $FFFF
TRISF = $0000
LATF = $AAAA
Delay_ms(200)
LATF = $0000
while true
' if button on portb.0 is 5v for 100ms
if Button(PORTB, 0, 100, 1) = 1 then
LATF = $0001
else
if Button(PORTB, 1, 100, 1) = 1 then
LATF = $0002
else
if Button(PORTB, 2, 100, 1) = 1 then
LATF = $0004
else
if Button(PORTB, 3, 100, 1) = 1 then
LATF = $0008
else
LATF = 0
end if
end if
end if
end if
wend
end.
Example 6 – Realization of pulse width modulation
The example shows the realization of continuously varying pulse width modulation (PWM). The continously modulated output is on the PORTE.0 pin which is monitored by a LED diode. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. Fig. 13-6 shows the electric diagram of the realized continuous PWM of a LED diode connected to PORTE.0.
Fig. 13-6 The electric diagram of the realized continuous PWM of a LED diode connected to PORTE.0.
program MC_PWM_Test
dim i, duty_50 as word
main:
ADPCFG = 0xFFFF
TRISE = 0
PORTB = 0xAAAA
TRISB = 0
Delay_ms(1000)
duty_50 = Pwm_Mc_Init(5000,1,0x01,0) ' Pwm_Mc_Init returns 50% of the duty
i = duty_50
Pwm_Mc_Set_Duty(i, 1)
Pwm_Mc_Start()
while true
i = i - 1
Pwm_Mc_Set_Duty(i,1)
Delay_ms(1)
if (i = 0) then
i = duty_50 * 2 - 1 ' Do not allow the overflow
end if
PORTB = i
wend
end.
Example 7 – Operating a compact flash memory card
The example shows the connection of a compact flash (CF) memory card to a dsPIC30F micocontroller. The CF memory cards are often used as the memory elements in digital video cameras. The memory capacity is high, from 8MB up to 2GB even more, and the read/write time is typically of the order of µs. Application of CF memory cards in microcontroller systems is quite widespread.
In the CF memory cards data are split into sectors (usually of 512 bytes, in earlier models 256 bytes). Reading or writing is not performed directly byte after byte, but data are blocked per sectors through a 512 byte buffer. Fig. 13-7 shows the electrical connection of a CF memory card to a device of the dsPIC30F family. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. The example covers, writing and reading one byte from a CF memory card.
Fig. 13-7 Electrical connection of a CF memory card to a device of the dsPIC30F family.
program Cf_Fat16_Test
const
SWAP_FILE_MSG as string[15] = "Swap file at: "
dim
fat_txt as string[20]
file_contents as string[50]
filename as byte[14] ' File names
loop1, loop12 as word
caracter as byte
i, size as longint
Buffer as byte[512]
sub procedure Glob_Init
fat_txt = "FAT16 not found"
file_contents = "XX CF/SD FAT16 library by Anton Rieckert" + Chr(10) + Chr(0)
filename = "MIKRO00xTXT" ' File names
end sub
'M-M-M--------- Creates new file and writes some data to it
sub procedure M_Create_New_File
filename[7] = "A"
Cf_Fat_Assign(filename, 0xA0) ' Will not find file and then create file
Cf_Fat_Rewrite ' To clear file and start with new data
for loop1 = 1 to 99 ' We want 5 files on the MMC card
Uart1_Write_Char(".")
file_contents[0] = (loop1 div 10) + 48
file_contents[1] = (loop1 mod 10) + 48
' Uart1_Write_Text(file_contents)
Cf_Fat_Write(file_contents, 42) ' write data to the assigned file
next loop1
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Creates many new files and writes data to them
sub procedure M_Create_Multiple_Files
for loop12 = "B" to "Z"
Uart1_Write_Char(loop12) ' signal the progress
filename[7] = loop12 ' set filename
Cf_Fat_Assign(filename, 0xA0) ' find existing file or create a new one
Cf_Fat_Rewrite ' To clear file and start with new data
for loop1 = 1 to 44
file_contents[0] = (loop1 div 10) + 48
file_contents[1] = (loop1 mod 10) + 48
Cf_Fat_Write(file_contents, 42) ' write data to the assigned file
next loop1
next loop12
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Opens an existing file and rewrites it
sub procedure M_Open_File_Rewrite
filename[7] = "C"
Cf_Fat_Assign(filename, 0)
Cf_Fat_Rewrite
for loop1 = 1 to 55
file_contents[0] = loop1 div 10 + 64
file_contents[1] = loop1 mod 10 + 64
Cf_Fat_Write(file_contents, 42) ' write data to the assigned file
next loop1
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Opens an existing file and appends data to it
' (and alters the date/time stamp)
sub procedure M_Open_File_Append
filename[7] = "B"
Cf_Fat_Assign(filename, 0)
Cf_Fat_Set_File_Date(2005,6,21,10,35,0)
Cf_Fat_Append ' Prepare file for append
Cf_Fat_Write(" for mikroElektronika 2005n", 27) ' Write data to assigned file
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Opens an existing file, reads data from it and puts it to USART
sub procedure M_Open_File_Read
filename[7] = "B"
Cf_Fat_Assign(filename, 0)
Cf_Fat_Reset(size) ' To read file, sub procedure returns size of file
for i = 1 to size
Cf_Fat_Read(caracter)
Uart1_Write_Char(caracter) ' Write data to USART
next i
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Deletes a file. If file doesn't exist, it will first be created
' and then deleted.
sub procedure M_Delete_File
filename[7] = "F"
Cf_Fat_Assign(filename, 0)
Cf_Fat_Delete
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Tests whether file exists, and if so sends its creation date
' and file size via USART
sub procedure M_Test_File_Exist(dim fLetter as byte)
dim
fsize as longint
year as word
month1, day, hour1, minute1 as byte
outstr as byte[12]
filename[7] = fLetter
if (Cf_Fat_Assign(filename, 0) <> 0) then
'--- file has been found - get its date
Cf_Fat_Get_File_Date(year, month1, day, hour1, minute1)
WordToStr(year, outstr)
Uart1_Write_Text(outstr)
WordToStr(month1, outstr)
Uart1_Write_Text(outstr)
WordToStr(day, outstr)
Uart1_Write_Text(outstr)
WordToStr(hour1, outstr)
Uart1_Write_Text(outstr)
WordToStr(minute1, outstr)
Uart1_Write_Text(outstr)
'--- get file size
fsize = Cf_Fat_Get_File_Size
LongIntToStr(longint(fsize), outstr)
Uart1_Write_Text(outstr)
else
'--- file was not found - signal it
Uart1_Write_Char(0x55)
Delay_ms(1000)
Uart1_Write_Char(0x55)
end if
end sub'~
'-------------- Tries to create a swap file, whose size will be at least 100
' sectors (see Help for details)
sub procedure M_Create_Swap_File
dim i as word
for i=0 to 511
Buffer[i] = i
next i
size = Cf_Fat_Get_Swap_File(5000, "mikroE.txt", 0x20)' see help on this function for details
if (size <> 0) then
LongIntToStr(size, fat_txt)
Uart1_Write_Text(fat_txt)
for i=0 to 4999
Cf_Write_Sector(size, Buffer)
Inc(size)
Uart1_Write_Char(".")
next i
end if
end sub'~
main:
'-------------- Main. Uncomment the function(s) to test the desired operation(s)
Glob_Init
'--- prepare PORTB for signalling
ADPCFG = 0xFFFF
PORTB = 0
TRISB = 0
'--- set up USART for the file read
Uart1_Init(19200)
Uart1_Write_Text("start")
'--- init the FAT library
'** dsPIC30F601x, dsPICPro3
' use fat16 quick format instead of init routine if a format is needed
if CF_fat_Init(PORTG, 0, 1, 2,
PORTG, 9,
PORTG, 8,
PORTG, 7,
PORTG, 6,
PORTG, 3,
PORTD) ' data port
= 0 then
'**
Delay_ms(500)
'--- Test start
PORTB = 0x0005
'--- Test routines. Uncomment them one-by-one to test certain features
M_Create_New_File
M_Create_Multiple_Files
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
M_Open_File_Rewrite
M_Open_File_Append
M_Delete_File
M_Create_Swap_File
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
M_Open_File_Read
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
M_Test_File_Exist("F") ' this file will not exist here
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
M_Test_File_Exist("B") ' this file will exist here
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
else
Uart1_Write_Text(fat_txt)
end if
'--- Test termination
PORTB = 0xFFFF
end.
Example 8 – Operating UART modules
The example shows the initialization, writing, and reading data from the transmitter and receiver of an UART module, respectively. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. Fig. 13-8 shows the electrical connection of an UART module to an RS-232 transiever and further connection to the serial port of a PC.
Fig. 13-8 Electrical connection of an UART module to an RS-232 transiever and further connection to the serial port of a PC.
program Uart1_Test
dim rx1 as word
main:
Uart1_Init(9600)
while TRUE
if Uart1_Data_Ready = 1 then
rx1 = Uart1_Read_Char()
Uart1_Write_Char(rx1)
end if
wend
end.
Example 9 – Operating SPI modules
The example shows the initialization, writing, and reading data from the receive and transmit buffer register of an SPI module, respectively. The example shows the connection of the SPI2 module to the serial digital-to-analogue converter (DAC) MCP4921. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. Fig. 13-9 shows the electrical connection of the SPI module to the serial DAC MCP4921.
Fig. 13-9 Electrical connection of the SPI module to the serial DAC MCP4921.
program SPITest
const LOAD_PIN = 2 ' DAC load pin
const CS_PIN = 1 ' DAC CS pin
dim value as word
sub procedure InitMain()
TRISC.LOAD_PIN = 0 ' LOAD pin
TRISC.CS_PIN = 0 ' CS pin
LATC.CS_PIN = 1 ' Set CS to inactive
LATC.LOAD_PIN = 0 ' Set LOAD to inactive
Spi2_Init_Advanced(_SPI_MASTER, _SPI_16_BIT, _SPI_PRESCALE_SEC_1, _SPI_PRESCALE_PRI_1,
_SPI_SS_DISABLE, _SPI_DATA_SAMPLE_MIDDLE, _SPI_CLK_IDLE_HIGH,
_SPI_ACTIVE_2_IDLE) ' Init SPI
end sub
' DAC increments (0..4095) --> output voltage (0..Vref)
sub procedure DAC_Output(dim valueDAC as word)
while (SPI2STAT.1 = 1) ' wait for SPI module to finish, if doing something
nop
wend
LATC.CS_PIN = 0 ' CS enable for DAC
SPI2BUF = 0x3000 or valueDAC ' Write CurrentValue to DAC (0x3 is required by DAC)
while (SPI2STAT.1 = 1) ' Wait for SPI module to finish write
nop
wend
LATC.CS_PIN = 1 ' CS disable for DAC
end sub
main:
InitMain()
while true
value = 1
while value < $FFF
DAC_Output(value)
Delay_ms(5)
value = value+1
wend
wend ' the output in the mid-range
end.
Example 10 – Operating Secure Digital memory cards
Secure Digital (SD) is a standard flash memory card based on the earlier Multi Media Card (MMC) standard. Similarly to the CF memory cards, the SD memory cards have a high memory capacity, up to 2GB, and have found the application in the mobile phones, MP3 players, digital cameras, and PDA computers. Access to an SD memory card is realized by using the SPI communication interface.
This example consists of several blocks that demonstrat various aspects of usage of the Mmc_Fat16 library. These are: Creation of new file and writing down to it; Opening existing file and re-writing it (writing from start-of-file); Opening existing file and appending data to it (writing from end-of-file); Opening a file and reading data from it (sending it to USART terminal); Creating and modifying several files at once; Reading file contents; Deleting file(s); Creating the swap file (see Help for details);
Fig. 13-10 Electrical connection of the SD memory card to a device from the dsPIC30F family.
program MMC_Fat16_Test
const
SWAP_FILE_MSG as string[15] = "Swap file at: "
dim
fat_txt as string[20]
file_contents as string[50]
filename as byte[14] ' File names
loopP, loop2 as word
caracter as byte
i, size as longint
Buffer as byte[512]
sub procedure Glob_Init
fat_txt = "FAT16 not found"
file_contents = "XX MMC/SD FAT16 library by Anton Rieckert" + Chr(10) + Chr(0)
filename = "MIKRO00xTXT" ' File names
end sub
'I-I-I--------- Writes string to USART
sub procedure I_Write_Str(dim byref ostr as byte[2])
dim i as word
i = 0
while ostr[i] <> 0
Uart1_Write_Char(ostr[i])
Inc(i)
wend
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Creates new file and writes some data to it
sub procedure M_Create_New_File
filename[7] = "A"
Mmc_Fat_Assign(filename, 0xA0) ' Will not find file and then create file
Mmc_Fat_Rewrite ' To clear file and start with new data
for loopP = 1 to 99 ' We want 5 files on the MMC card
Uart1_Write_Char(".")
file_contents[0] = (loopP div 10) + 48
file_contents[1] = (loopP mod 10) + 48
' Uart1_Write_Text(file_contents)
Mmc_Fat_Write(file_contents, 42) ' write data to the assigned file
next loopP
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Creates many new files and writes data to them
sub procedure M_Create_Multiple_Files
'for loop2 = "B" to "Z"
for loop2 = "B" to "Z"
Uart1_Write_Char(loop2) ' signal the progress
filename[7] = loop2 ' set filename
Mmc_Fat_Assign(filename, 0xA0) ' find existing file or create a new one
Mmc_Fat_Rewrite ' To clear file and start with new data
for loopP = 1 to 44
file_contents[0] = (loopP div 10) + 48
file_contents[1] = (loopP mod 10) + 48
Mmc_Fat_Write(file_contents, 42) ' write data to the assigned file
next loopP
next loop2
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Opens an existing file and rewrites it
sub procedure M_Open_File_Rewrite
filename[7] = "C"
Mmc_Fat_Assign(filename, 0)
Mmc_Fat_Rewrite
for loopP = 1 to 55
file_contents[0] = loopP div 10 + 64
file_contents[1] = loopP mod 10 + 64
Mmc_Fat_Write(file_contents, 42) ' write data to the assigned file
next loopP
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Opens an existing file and appends data to it
' (and alters the date/time stamp)
sub procedure M_Open_File_Append
filename[7] = "B"
Mmc_Fat_Assign(filename, 0)
Mmc_Fat_Set_File_Date(2005,6,21,10,35,0)
Mmc_Fat_Append ' Prepare file for append
Mmc_Fat_Write(" for mikroElektronika 2005n", 27) ' Write data to assigned file
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Opens an existing file, reads data from it and puts it to USART
sub procedure M_Open_File_Read
filename[7] = "B"
Mmc_Fat_Assign(filename, 0)
Mmc_Fat_Reset(size) ' To read file, procedure returns size of file
for i = 1 to size
'Mmc_Fat_Read(caracter)
Mmc_Fat_Read(caracter)
Uart1_Write_Char(caracter) ' Write data to USART
next i
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Deletes a file. If file doesn't exist, it will first be created
' and then deleted.
sub procedure M_Delete_File
filename[7] = "F"
Mmc_Fat_Assign(filename, 0)
Mmc_Fat_Delete
end sub'~
'M-M-M--------- Tests whether file exists, and if so sends its creation date
' and file size via USART
sub procedure M_Test_File_Exist(dim fLetter as byte)
dim
fsize as longint
year as word
monthH, day, hourR, minuteE as byte
outstr as byte[12]
filename[7] = fLetter
if (Mmc_Fat_Assign(filename, 0) <> 0) then
'--- file has been found - get its date
Mmc_Fat_Get_File_Date(year, monthH, day, hourR, minuteE)
WordToStr(year, outstr)
I_Write_Str(outstr)
WordToStr(monthH, outstr)
I_Write_Str(outstr)
WordToStr(day, outstr)
I_Write_Str(outstr)
WordToStr(hourR, outstr)
I_Write_Str(outstr)
WordToStr(minuteE, outstr)
I_Write_Str(outstr)
'--- get file size
fsize = Mmc_Fat_Get_File_Size
LongIntToStr(longint(fsize), outstr)
I_Write_Str(outstr)
else
'--- file was not found - signal it
Uart1_Write_Char(0x55)
Delay_ms(1000)
Uart1_Write_Char(0x55)
end if
end sub'~
'-------------- Tries to create a swap file, whose size will be at least 100
' sectors (see Help for details)
sub procedure M_Create_Swap_File
dim i as word
for i=0 to 511
Buffer[i] = i
next i
size = Mmc_Fat_Get_Swap_File(5000, "mikroE.txt", 0x20)
' see help on this function for details
if (size <> 0) then
LongIntToStr(size, fat_txt)
Uart1_Write_Text(fat_txt)
for i=0 to 4999
Mmc_Write_Sector(size, Buffer)
Inc(size)
Uart1_Write_Char(".")
next i
end if
end sub'~
main:
'-------------- Main. Uncomment the function(s) to test the desired operation(s)
Glob_Init
'--- prepare PORTD for signalling
PORTD = 0
TRISD = 0
ADPCFG = 0xFFFF
'--- set up USART for the file read
Uart1_Init(19200)
U1MODE.10 = 1 ' clear the way for the SPI
'--- init the FAT library
Spi1_Init_Advanced(_SPI_MASTER, _SPI_8_BIT, _SPI_PRESCALE_SEC_1, _SPI_PRESCALE_PRI_64,
_SPI_SS_DISABLE, _SPI_DATA_SAMPLE_MIDDLE, _SPI_CLK_IDLE_HIGH, _SPI_ACTIVE_2_IDLE)
'--- (primary prescale = 64:1), secondary prescale = 1:1
' use fat16 quick format instead of init routine if a format is needed
if (Mmc_Fat_Init(PORTF, 0) = 0) then ' EasydsPIC4 board
Spi1_Init_Advanced(_SPI_MASTER, _SPI_8_BIT, _SPI_PRESCALE_SEC_1, _SPI_PRESCALE_PRI_4,
_SPI_SS_DISABLE, _SPI_DATA_SAMPLE_MIDDLE, _SPI_CLK_IDLE_HIGH, _SPI_ACTIVE_2_IDLE)
'--- Test start
PORTD = 0x0005
'--- Test routines. Uncomment them one-by-one to test certain features
M_Create_New_File
M_Create_Multiple_Files
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
M_Open_File_Rewrite
M_Open_File_Append
M_Delete_File
M_Create_Swap_File
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
M_Open_File_Read
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
M_Test_File_Exist("F") ' this file will not exist here
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
M_Test_File_Exist("B") ' this file will exist here
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
else
I_Write_Str(fat_txt)
end if
'--- Test termination
PORTD = 0xFFFF
end.
Example 11 – Operating I2C modules
The example shows the initialization, writing, and reading data from the transmit and receive buffer register ofan I2C module, respectively. The example shows the connection of an I2C module to the serial EEPROM memory 24C02. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers. Fig. 13-11 shows the electrical connection of an I2C module to the EEPROM memory 24C02. The example covers writing to the EEPROM memory, reading data, and data transfer to the PORTF.
Fig. 13-11 Electrical connection of an I2C module to the EEPROM memory 24C02.
program I2CEEPROM dim dAddr as word main: ADPCFG = 0xFFFF PORTB = 0 TRISB = 0 dAddr = 0x02 I2c_Init(0x000186A0) I2c_Start() ' issue I2C start signal I2c_Write(0xA2) ' send byte via I2C (command to 24cO2) I2c_Write(dAddr) ' send byte (address of EEPROM location) I2c_Write(0xF5) ' send data (data to be written) I2c_Stop() Delay_ms(100) I2c_Start() ' issue I2C start signal I2c_Write(0xA2) ' send byte via I2C (device address + W) I2c_Write(dAddr) ' send byte (data address) I2c_Restart() ' issue I2C signal repeated start I2c_Write(0xA3) ' send byte (device address + R) PORTB = I2c_Read(1) ' Read the data (NOT acknowledge) I2c_Stop() end.
Also, an example is presented showing the connection of a device from the dsPIC30F family to the RTC (Real-Time Clock) generator Philips PCF8583P. The example covers writing to and reading from the RTC generator by using an I2C standard interface. Date and time are printed at LCD.
program RTCWrite
main:
ADPCFG = 0xFFFF
I2C_Init(10000) ' initialize full master mode
I2C_Start() ' issue start signal
I2C_Write(0xA0) ' address PCF8583
I2C_Write(0) ' start from word at address 0 (configuration word)
I2C_Write(0x80) ' write $80 to config. (pause counter...)
I2C_Write(0) ' write 0 to cents word
I2C_Write(0) ' write 0 to seconds word
I2C_Write(0x30) ' write $30 to minutes word
I2C_Write(0x11) ' write $11 to hours word
I2C_Write(0x24) ' write $24 to year/date word
I2C_Write(0x08) ' write $08 to weekday/month
I2C_Stop() ' issue stop signal
I2C_Start() ' issue start signal
I2C_Write(0xA0) ' address PCF8530
I2C_Write(0) ' start from word at address 0
I2C_Write(0) ' write 0 to config word (enable counting)
I2C_Stop() ' issue stop signal
end.
program RTC_Read
dim sec, min1, hr, day, mn, year as byte
tnum, txt as byte[6]
sub procedure Zero_Fill(dim byref value as byte[10]) ' fill text repesentation
if (value[1] = 0) then
value[1] = value[0]
value[0] = 48
value[2] = 0
end if
end sub
'-------------- Trims the leading spaces from array given with *pt
sub procedure Rrtrim(dim byref src, dest as byte[10])
dim i, j as word
i = 0
j = 0
while (src[i] = " ")
inc(i)
wend
while (src[i] <> 0)
dest[j] = src[i]
inc(i)
inc(j)
wend
dest[j] = 0
end sub
'--------------------- Reads time and date information from RTC (PCF8583)
sub procedure Read_Time(dim byref sec, min, hr, day, mn as byte)
I2C_Start()
I2C_Write(0xA0)
I2C_Write(2)
I2c_Restart()
I2C_Write(0xA1)
sec = I2c_Read(0)
min = I2c_Read(0)
hr = I2c_Read(0)
day = I2c_Read(0)
mn = I2c_Read(1)
I2C_Stop()
end sub
'-------------------- Formats date and time
sub procedure Transform_Time(dim byref sec, min, hr, day, mn, year as byte)
sec = ((sec and 0xF0) >> 4)*10 + (sec and 0x0F)
min = ((min and 0xF0) >> 4)*10 + (min and 0x0F)
hr = ((hr and 0xF0) >> 4)*10 + (hr and 0x0F)
year = (day and 0xC0) >> 6
day = ((day and 0x30) >> 4)*10 + (day and 0x0F)
mn = ((mn and 0x10) >> 4)*10 + (mn and 0x0F)
end sub
'-------------------- Output values to LCD
sub procedure Display_Time( dim sec, min, hr, day, mn, year as byte)
WordToStr(word(day), tnum)
Rrtrim(tnum, txt)
Zero_Fill(txt)
Lcd_Out(1, 6, txt)
WordToStr(word(mn), tnum)
Rrtrim(tnum, txt)
Zero_Fill(txt)
Lcd_Out(1,9,txt)
Lcd_Chr(1,15,52+year)
WordToStr(word(hr), tnum)
Rrtrim(tnum, txt)
Zero_Fill(txt)
Lcd_Out(2,6,txt)
WordToStr(word(min), tnum)
Rrtrim(tnum, txt)
Zero_Fill(txt)
Lcd_Out(2,9,txt)
WordToStr(word(sec), tnum)
Rrtrim(tnum, txt)
Zero_Fill(txt)
Lcd_Out(2,12,txt)
end sub
'------------------ Performs project-wide init
sub procedure Init_Main()
ADPCFG = 0xFFFF
TRISD = 0 ' designate portd as output
Lcd_Init_EasydsPIC4()
I2C_Init(100000) ' initialize I2C
txt = "Date:" ' prepare and output static text on LCD
Lcd_Out(1,1,txt)
Lcd_Chr(1,8,":")
Lcd_Chr(1,11,":")
txt = "Time:"
Lcd_Out(2,1,txt)
Lcd_Chr(2,8,":")
Lcd_Chr(2,11,":")
txt = "200"
Lcd_Out(1,12,txt)
Lcd_Cmd(LCD_CURSOR_OFF) ' cursor off
end sub
'----------------- Main procedure
main:
Init_Main() ' perform initialization
while true
Read_Time(sec, min1, hr, day, mn) ' read time from RTC(PCF8583)
Transform_Time(sec, min1, hr, day, mn, year) ' format date and time
Display_Time(sec, min1, hr, day, mn, year) ' prepare and display on LCD
Delay_ms(1000) ' wait 1s
wend
end.
Example 12 – Operating a PS/2 keyboard
The example shows the connection of a device from the dsPIC30F family to a standard PS/2 keyboard. It is important to note that all pins of the PS/2 keyboard connected to the dsPIC30F device are connected to the power supply by the pull-up resistors. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F microcontrollers.
program ps2_test
dim
keydata, special, down as word
main:
ADPCFG=$FFFF
keydata = 0
special = 0
down = 0
Ps2_Config(PORTC, 14, 13)
Uart1_Init(9600)
Uart1_Write_Text("You can type now!") ' Ready
while TRUE
if Ps2_Key_Read(keydata, special, down) <> 0 then
if ((down<>0) and (keydata = 16)) <> 0 then
Uart1_Write_Char(0x08)
else
if ((down<>0) and (keydata = 13)) <> 0 then
' Enter
Uart1_Write_Char(13)
Uart1_Write_Char(10)
else
if ((down<>0) and (special=0) and (keydata<>0)) <> 0 then
Uart1_Write_Char(keydata)
end if
end if
end if
end if
Delay_ms(1) ' debounce
wend
end.
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